WBC anatomy and function

WBC Anatomy and Function:

v Neutrophil:

§ Make up 60% to 70% of WBC

§ 12-15 um in diameter

§ Nucleus 2-5 lobes(increase with cell age)

§ Fine granular cytoplasm

§ Phagocytic cell the engulf bacteria

§ Increase: stress, burns, bacterial infections

§ Decrease: Radiation exposure, B12 deficiency

v Eosinophil:

§ Make up 2-5 % of WBC

§ Nucleus 2-4 lobes

§ Recruited to sites of inflammation

§ Function: Involved in allergy, parasitic infections

§ Contains: eosinophilic granules

§ Granules contain: major basic protein

§ Terminally differentiated

v Basophil:

§ Make up 0% to 1% of WBC

§ 8-10 um in diameter

§ Cytoplasm filled with large deep blue-purple granules

§ Liberate heparin and histamines during allergic reactions

§ Intensify inflammatory response

§ Increase: Allergic reactions

§ Leukemia: cancers, hypothyroidism

§ Decrease: Pregnancy, ovulation, stress, hyperthyroidism

v Lymphocytes:

§ Make up 30% to 40% of WBC

§ 7-10 um (small) and 10-13 (big)

§ Increase Viral infections and leukemic cell

§ Decrease: Prolonged illness, immunosuppression

v Monocyte:

§ Make up 3-8 % of WBC

§ 15- 25 um in diameter

§ Nucleus is kidney -shaped

§ Phagocytic cells

§ Increase: Viral and fungal infection, tuberculosis, and some leukemic cells

§ Decrease: Bone marrow depression, treatment with cortisol

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